Question: If the device runs 0.5 seconds slower per step, which animal sound is playing on the radio at the 2-minute?

Scenario:

Imagine you are working with a team of researchers to develop an advanced AI/ML model for classifying animals into six categories: Mammals, Fish, Reptiles, Birds, Amphibians, and Insects. The model has been trained using a large animal dataset and uses several characteristics to make classifications. The dataset includes animals with different habitats, body temperatures, skin types, and other features. Now, you’re tasked with analysing the decision trees generated by this AI model to see if it has learned to classify animals accurately based on these characteristics.

The animals are classified according to the following criteria:

Habitat: Does the animal live on land or in water or in air?

Body Temperature: Is the animal warm-blooded or cold-blooded?

Skin Type: Does the animal have fur, feathers, scales, or smooth skin?

Breathing Method: Does the animal have lungs or gills?

Wings: Does the animal have wings or not?

Reproduction Method: Does the animal lay eggs or give birth?

A table of characteristic data is provided to assist with your analysis. Use this data to evaluate which decision trees accurately classify animals based on the specified characteristics.

Question: This decision-making process is how the AI classifies animals, but now, you need to carefully examine the decision trees provided to determine which one is the correct decision tree.

Scenario:

You are training an AI/ML model on a large dataset of animal characteristics classified into three categories: mammals, fish, and reptiles The dataset includes characteristics such as habitat, body temperature, skin type, breathing method, and reproduction method. The model is designed to classify animals into three categories—Mammals, Fish, and Reptiles—based on the following criteria:

Fish – Animals that live in water, have scales, are cold-blooded, breathe with gills, and lay eggs.

Mammal – Animals that live on land, have fur, are warm-blooded, breathe with lungs, and give birth.

Reptile – Animals that live on land, have scales, are cold-blooded, breathe with lungs, and lay eggs.

After training the model, four decision trees are generated. Your task is to analyse the output and determine which of these decision trees accurately represent the classification of animals based on the given characteristics.

Question: Based on the trained model, which of the following decision trees inaccurately represents the classification of animals into Mammals, Fish, and Reptiles?

Explanation: Resonance occurs when an external force, such as sound waves or physical vibrations, matches an object's natural frequency. When this alignment happens, the object vibrates with increased intensity, potentially leading to structural failure. In this case, the vibrations caused by the sound could be strong enough to impact the stability of the toothpick bridge.

To further investigate, he constructs the bridge again and plays a buzzer using a controller that emits various frequencies corresponding to music notes in a random sequence. He discovers that the bridge collapses after the 6th second when he plays the notes in the sequence Re, Mi, Fa, So, Ti, La, Do, with each tone playing for one second.

The approx frequencies for each note are as follows:

Do: 250 Hz | Re: 300 Hz | Mi: 350 Hz | Fa: 400 Hz | So: 450 Hz | La: 500 Hz | Ti: 550 Hz

Question: Identify the frequency notes that will play for 20 milliseconds that will make the bridge collapse.

Hint: Hertz (Hz) measures how many cycles happen per second, so 1 Hz equals 1 wave per second.

Eager to explore further, Evan built bridges using toothpicks, pencil leads, pins, and more popsicle sticks. To further investigate, he constructs the bridge again and plays a buzzer using a controller to produce the music notes “Do Re Mi Fa So La Ti,” each for one second. To his surprise, the pencil lead bridge fell in the 2nd second, the popsicle sticks bridge in the 4th second, the pin bridge in the 5th second, and the toothpick bridge in the 7th second.

Question: Identify the notes that will prevent any bridges from collapsing during the entire 7-second song.

Hint: Hertz (Hz) measures how many cycles happen per second, so 1 Hz equals 1 wave per second.

The optimal levels of nutrients for healthy crop growth are

Nitrogen (N): 48 mg/L

Phosphorus (P): 23 mg/L

Potassium (K): 52 mg/L

The sensor readings show are shown in the image below:

Nutrient levels are acceptable if they vary by up to 10% above or below the optimal values.

Plants will show specific leaf colour changes if any of the nutrients fall below the acceptable range, nutrient deficiencies.

Stages of Deficiency as shown in the Image below

Problem: Given the nutrient imbalances and the effects of deficiency on leaf colour, what leaf colour changes can be expected in each section?

Abel plans to control two servo motors:

Servo Motor 1: Connected to pin 9 of the controller, which generates a PWM signal with a time period (duration of one complete cycle) of 2 microseconds (μs).

Servo Motor 2: Connected to pin 5 of the controller, which generates a PWM signal with a time period of 1 microsecond (μs).

For Servo Motor 1, the PWM signal requirements are:

0 degrees: 0V for the entire 2 microseconds (μs).

45 degrees: 5V for 0.5 microseconds (μs) and 0V for the remaining 1.5 microseconds (μs).

90 degrees: 5V for 1 microsecond (μs) and 0V for the remaining 1 microsecond (μs).

180 degrees: 5V for the entire 2 microseconds (μs).

For Servo Motor 2, with 1 microsecond (μs), Abel determines that:

0 degrees: 0V for the entire 1 microsecond (μs).

45 degrees: 5V for 0.25 microseconds (μs) and 0V for the remaining 0.75 microseconds (μs).

90 degrees: 5V for 0.5 microseconds (μs) and 0V for the remaining 0.5 microseconds (μs).

180 degrees: 5V for the entire 1 microsecond (μs).

Based on the graph above, find the correct angle for the servo motors.

For his project, Abel plans to control the servo motor using pin 9 of a controller, which generates a PWM signal with a time period (duration of one complete cycle) of 2 microseconds (μs). Based on his findings, the PWM signal for different servo motor positions is as follows:

0 degrees: The signal is 0V for the entire 2 microseconds (μs).

45 degrees: The signal is 5V for 0.5 microseconds (μs) and 0V for the remaining 1.5 microseconds (μs).

90 degrees: The signal is 5V for 1 microsecond (μs) and 0V for the remaining 1 microsecond (μs).

180 degrees: The signal is 5V for the entire 2 microseconds (μs).

Based on this information, determine the PWM signal needed to rotate the motor to 135 degrees.

A team of astronauts is on a mission to collect rocks from three different planets: X, Y, and Z. They use a specialised weighing scale equipped with a load sensor to measure the rocks' weights on each planet and their equivalent weights on Earth. This load sensor measures the force exerted by an object and converts it into an electrical signal to determine weight. The scale allows the astronauts to adjust a constant that represents the ratio between Earth’s gravitational force and that of the planet they are on.

To accurately determine the weight of the rocks they collect, the astronauts must set the appropriate constant based on the gravitational difference between Earth and each planet. The astronauts recorded the weight of one of their crewmates, who weighs 60 kg on Earth, but weighed as follows on each of the planets:

On Planet X, it is 120 kg

On Planet Y, it is 90 kg

On Planet Z, it is 30 kg

Question: The astronauts collected a rock from Planet X, which weighs 15 kg on that planet. Based on the astronaut's weight on each planet, what would be the rock's weight on Planet Z?