The custom controller you're building contains two joysticks to manage multiple control functions. This setup requires a total of four potentiometers, for example: 

• Left X-axis potentiometer –  Controls the toy plane’s up and down movement 

• Left Y-axis potentiometer – Controls the toy plane’s left and right movement 

• Right X-axis potentiometer – Moves the toy plane forward and backward  

• Right Y-axis potentiometer – Retracts and extends the landing wheels 

Wiring Setup 

Each potentiometer in the setup is hooked up like a voltage divider.  

One end is connected to 5 volts (Vcc),  

The other is grounded at 0 V,  

The middle pin,called the wiper,is connected to one of the microcontroller’s analog inputs. 

The microcontroller uses an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) to convert the voltage from the wiper into a digital value ranging from 0 to 1023, where: 

• 0 represents 0 V 

• 1023 represents 5 V 

The Problem 

During testing, you observe that only one of the four potentiometers is working as expected, providing changing analogue values when the joystick is moved producing varying analog readings in response to joystick movement. The remaining three, however, either show constant values or don’t respond at all.  

You suspect there may be a wiring issue with these potentiometers — possibly due to incorrect connections or a faulty setup. 

Based on the potentiometer wiring configurations given below, identify which one is functioning correctly.

The custom controller you're building contains two joysticks to manage multiple control functions. This setup requires a total of four potentiometers, for example: 

• Left X-axis potentiometer –  Controls the toy plane’s up and down movement 

• Left Y-axis potentiometer – Controls the toy plane’s left and right movement 

• Right X-axis potentiometer – Moves the toy plane forward and backward  

• Right Y-axis potentiometer – Retracts and extends the landing wheels 

Wiring Setup 

Each potentiometer in the setup is hooked up like a voltage divider.  

One end is connected to 5 volts (Vcc),  

The other is grounded at 0 V,  

The middle pin,called the wiper,is connected to one of the microcontroller’s analog inputs. 

The microcontroller uses an ADC (Analog to Digital Converter) to convert the voltage from the wiper into a digital value ranging from 0 to 1023, where: 

• 0 represents 0 V 

• 1023 represents 5 V 

The Problem 

During testing, you observe that only one of the four potentiometers is working as expected, providing changing analogue values when the joystick is moved producing varying analog readings in response to joystick movement. The remaining three, however, either show constant values or don’t respond at all.  

You suspect there may be a wiring issue with these potentiometers — possibly due to incorrect connections or a faulty setup. 

Based on the potentiometer wiring configurations given below, identify which one is functioning correctly. 

Scenario:

Imagine you are working with a team of researchers to develop an advanced AI/ML model for classifying animals into six categories: Mammals, Fish, Reptiles, Birds, Amphibians, and Insects. The model has been trained using a large animal dataset and uses several characteristics to make classifications. The dataset includes animals with different habitats, body temperatures, skin types, and other features. Now, you’re tasked with analysing the decision trees generated by this AI model to see if it has learned to classify animals accurately based on these characteristics.

The animals are classified according to the following criteria:

Habitat: Does the animal live on land or in water or in air?

Body Temperature: Is the animal warm-blooded or cold-blooded?

Skin Type: Does the animal have fur, feathers, scales, or smooth skin?

Breathing Method: Does the animal have lungs or gills?

Wings: Does the animal have wings or not?

Reproduction Method: Does the animal lay eggs or give birth?

A table of characteristic data is provided to assist with your analysis. Use this data to evaluate which decision trees accurately classify animals based on the specified characteristics.

Question: This decision-making process is how the AI classifies animals, but now, you need to carefully examine the decision trees provided to determine which one is the correct decision tree.

Scenario:

You are training an AI/ML model on a large dataset of animal characteristics classified into three categories: mammals, fish, and reptiles The dataset includes characteristics such as habitat, body temperature, skin type, breathing method, and reproduction method. The model is designed to classify animals into three categories—Mammals, Fish, and Reptiles—based on the following criteria:

Fish – Animals that live in water, have scales, are cold-blooded, breathe with gills, and lay eggs.

Mammal – Animals that live on land, have fur, are warm-blooded, breathe with lungs, and give birth.

Reptile – Animals that live on land, have scales, are cold-blooded, breathe with lungs, and lay eggs.

After training the model, four decision trees are generated. Your task is to analyse the output and determine which of these decision trees accurately represent the classification of animals based on the given characteristics.

Question: Based on the trained model, which of the following decision trees inaccurately represents the classification of animals into Mammals, Fish, and Reptiles?